omicron hospitalization rate vaccinated by age
Author's reply, Efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of the DNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (ZyCoV-D): the interim efficacy results of a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in India, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, MRC Biostatistics Unit COVID-19 Working Group, Cases, hospital admissions, and hospital attendances in those with delta and omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants, between Nov 29, 2021, and Jan 9, 2022, Risk of hospitalisation and mortality for COVID-19 cases with omicron compared with delta, overall and by age group, Estimated HRs for vaccination categories, secondary analysis. The rate among adults who received a primary series, but no booster or additional dose (133.5), was three times the rate among adults who received a booster or additional dose (45.0). 387, 227236 (2022). Hospitalizations rates increased among all adults irrespective of vaccination status (unvaccinated, primary series only, or primary series plus a booster or additional dose). Graff, K. et al. the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in During Omicron predominance, shortly after the Food and Drug Administration authorized COVID-19 vaccination for this age group, population-based hospitalization rates among unvaccinated children were twice as high as were those among vaccinated children. The University of Minnesota is an equal opportunity educator and employer, Office of the Vice President for Research | Contact U of M | Privacy Policy, Mary Van Beusekom | News Writer | CIDRAP News, Two recent papers claim there are no differences between surgical masks and respirators for preventing the spread of respiratory diseases like COVID-19 and flu, but the articles. Age-adjusted hospitalization rates among Black adults peaked at 94.7 (January 8, 2022), higher than that among all other racial and ethnic groups, 3.8 times the rate among White adults (24.8) for the same week, and 2.5 times the previous peak (January 16, 2021) among Black adults (37.2). Risk of hospital admission for patients with SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7: cohort analysis. Shimabukuro, T. T. et al. Persons who received only 1 vaccine dose of a 2-dose series 14 days before the SARS-CoV-2 test date or had received a single dose of either a 1- or 2-dose vaccination series <14 days before the positive SARS-CoV-2 test result were considered partially vaccinated and were not included in rates by vaccination status. Views equals page views plus PDF downloads. Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA covid-19 vaccine. Another explanation is the presence of a high COVID-19 vaccination rate among studied individuals (more than two-thirds), which is supported by the finding that the majority of patients had been infected with SARS-CoV-2 prior to undergoing vaccination. Objectives To develop and implement a scoring tool to identify COVID-19 patients that are at risk for severe illness during the Omicron wave. ***** An additional 172 (3.4%, 95% CI=2.7%4.2%) adults were partially vaccinated, 69 (0.9%, 95% CI=0.61.2) received a primary vaccination series <14 days before a positive for SARS-CoV-2 test result, and 186 (4.1%) had unknown vaccination status; these groups are not further described in this analysis. Rep. 7, 255263 (2022). *** LTCF residents include hospitalized adults who were identified as residents of a nursing home/skilled nursing facility, rehabilitation facility, assisted living/residential care, long-term acute care hospital, group/retirement home, or other LTCF upon hospital admission. provided as a service to MMWR readers and do not constitute or imply SARS-CoV-2 variant data update, England: Version 21. Rates cannot be stratified by pregnancy status because the underlying population of pregnant women in the catchment area is unknown. CDC. A and B, Markers indicate estimates, with vertical lines indicating 95% CIs. Adults who received booster doses were classified as those who completed their primary vaccination series and received an additional or booster dose of vaccine on or after August 13, 2021, at any time after the completion of their primary series, and 14 days before a positive test result for SARS-CoV-2, because COVID-19associated hospitalizations are a lagging indicator, and time passed after receipt of a booster dose has been shown to be associated with reduced rates of COVID-19 infection (https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2114255). In the Omicron variant period, the effectiveness of maternal vaccination in these three age intervals was 21% (CI: 21,48), 14% (CI: 9,32) and 13% (CI: 3,26), respectively. J. Pediatr. Sarah J. All authors (O.Z., B.F., N.P.K., T.R., M.G., E.L., P.R., K.G., S.O., and E.L.) critically reviewed the manuscript and decided to proceed with publication. Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in preventing hospitalization among adults aged 65 yearsCOVID-NET, 13 states, FebruaryApril 2021. During the Omicron-predominant period, hospitalization rates increased among unvaccinated persons and those who completed a primary series, with and without receipt of a booster or additional dose (Figure 2). Med. Sect. J. Med. The researchers used the QCovid risk model to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for clinical risk factors. Vaccine effectiveness for 1 dose during the first 6 months of life was 68% (95% CI: 12, 88) (Table2). Adults who received booster doses were classified as those who completed the primary series and received an additional or booster dose on or after August 13, 2021, at any time after completion of the primary series, and 14 days before a positive test result for SARS-CoV-2, as COVID-19associated hospitalizations are a lagging indicator and time passed after receipt of a booster dose has been shown to be associated with reduced rates of COVID-19 infection (https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2114255). 385, 13551371 (2021). New charts from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) showed that hospitalization rates were much lower among those who were vaccinated even as Omicron was sweeping the nation. Google Scholar. Acosta AM, Garg S, Pham H, et al. Polack, F. P. et al. of Omicron-infected patients with a high rate of vaccination in China. Wkly Rep. 71, 352358 (2022). As Omicron spread in the US, hospitalization rates in December were much lower for the vaccinated. Nature Communications (Nat Commun) Vaccine 35, 58505857 (2017). 1CDC COVID-19 Emergency Response Team; 2General Dynamics Information Technology, Atlanta, Georgia; 3California Emerging Infections Program, Oakland, California; 4Career Epidemiology Field Officer Program, CDC; 5Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment; 6Connecticut Emerging Infections Program, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut; 7Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; 8Georgia Emerging Infections Program, Georgia Department of Public Health; 9Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia; 10Iowa Department of Public Health; 11Michigan Department of Health and Human Services; 12Minnesota Department of Health; 13New Mexico Emerging Infections Program, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico; 14New York State Department of Health; 15University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York; 16Ohio Department of Health; 17Public Health Division, Oregon Health Authority; 18Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; 19Utah Department of Health. Nat Commun 14, 894 (2023). Article Sect. Black adults accounted for a higher percentage of hospitalizations during the Omicron-predominant period (26.7%) than during the Delta-predominant period (22.2%, p = 0.05). E.L. coordinated administrative tasks. Thus, this design better adjusts for healthcare-seeking behavior31,32, but it may also introduce other biases including selection bias33. Corresponding author: Christopher A. Taylor, iyq3@cdc.gov. Adults with a positive result whose SARS-CoV-2 test date was 14 days after the first dose of a 2-dose series but <14 days after receipt of the second dose were considered partially vaccinated. Among children 12 to 17, the . J. Includes current treatment or recent diagnosis of an immunosuppressive condition or use of an immunosuppressive therapy during the preceding 12 months. Mothers were classified as either having had 2 doses or one dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines during pregnancy (and completed more than 14 days prior to delivery) or not having had any COVID-19 vaccines prior to delivery. Although the study was unable to directly estimate VE against hospitalization due to the small number of hospitalized cases, it found that over the entire study period, the incidence rate of hospitalization during the first 6 months of life was much lower among the infants whose mothers were vaccinated during pregnancy compared with those whose mothers were not vaccinated. 1.04-1.49) after adjusting for age, sex, and vaccine characteristics. Starting the week ending December 4, 2021, Maryland data are not included in weekly rate calculations but are included in previous weeks. Although all data used in this analysis were anonymised, the individual-level nature of the data used risks individuals being identified, or being able to self-identify, if the data are released publicly. Saving Lives, Protecting People, https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#variant-proportions, https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/covid-data/covid-net/purpose-methods.html, https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6915e3.htm, https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/bridged_race.htm, https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.08.27.21262356v1, https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/wr/mm7050e2.htm, https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2114255, https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2021.08.27.21262356v1, https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.01.11.22269045v1, https://data.cdc.gov/Vaccinations/COVID-19-Vaccination-Demographics-in-the-United-St/km4m-vcsb, https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/stay-up-to-date.html, https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.30479, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, American Indian or Alaska Native, non-Hispanic, Psychiatric admission requiring medical care. B., Lewis. It is possible that this practice may have led to some misclassification of the outcome, and we were unable to assess whether this misclassification was differential between vaccinated and unvaccinated mothers. Internet Explorer). Dis. No other exclusion criteria were applied. Hospitalization rates during peak Omicron circulation (January 2022) among unvaccinated adults remained 12 times the rates among vaccinated adults who received booster or additional doses and four times the rates among adults who received a primary series, but no booster or additional dose. Real-world data suggest lower COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against Omicron variants11,12,13,14. However, infants aged <6 months are not currently eligible for any currently available COVID-19 vaccines and must rely on placentally acquired immunity from their mothers. Among fully vaccinated people without a booster, rates were lower at 3,355.5 per 100,000 for COVID-19 cases and 35.4 per 100,000 for hospitalizations. All adjustment variables were selected a priori based on prior work36. You can review and change the way we collect information below. Implementing strategies that result in the equitable receipt of COVID-19 vaccinations among persons with disproportionately higher hospitalizations rates, including non-Hispanic Black adults, is an urgent public health priority. All analyses were conducted using SAS software, v9.4. Omicron is super infectious, and about 20% of people in the United States over the age of 5 as well as all children under 5 remain unvaccinated. Safety and efficacy of single-dose Ad26.COV2.S vaccine against Covid-19. M.G. Infect. COVID-19; IL-6 . Overall, the study results support recommendations for vaccination during pregnancy to protect both mothers and their infants. Method: This case-control study aims to determine the hospitalization risk associated with the inactivated BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) and mRNA BNT162b2 (Pfizer . All authors reviewed the manuscript. TN, NMF, WH, and SA wrote the software. You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link. The average age of decedents was 83.3 years. 386, 15321546 (2022). Hospitalization of infants and children aged 0-4 years with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19COVID-NET, 14 states, March 2020-February 2022. The cumulative monthly age-adjusted hospitalization rate during January 2022 among unvaccinated adults (528.2) was 12 times the rates among those who had received a booster or additional dose (45.0) and four times the rates among adults who received a primary series, but no booster or additional dose (133.5). 26 Among those fully vaccinated individuals 5 years of age who are booster eligible, only 49% have received a . Late last year, as Omicron was spreading fast in the US, hospitalization rates per 100,000 rose sharply among unvaccinated adults, while rates in those who were fully vaccinated remained. The increase in transmissibility of the Omicron variant might have amplified these risks for hospitalization, resulting in increased hospitalization rates among Black adults compared with White adults, irrespective of vaccination status. In this primary design, all eligible infants meeting inclusion criteria were included without sampling which improved power and minimized bias related to selection. Vaccine 31, 21652168 (2013). Baxter, R., Bartlett. Monthly COVID-19 hospitalization rates were 3.5 to 17.7 times higher in unvaccinated patients than in their vaccinated counterparts, regardless of whether they had received a booster. Models were adjusted for the covariates listed above. Still, even with a smaller percentage of people getting severely ill during the Omicron wave, a large number of cases over a short time can lead to a spike in people being hospitalized or admitted . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022;71:466473. Data were available for researchers who meet the criteria for access to Kaiser Permanente Northern California confidential data. We examined the effectiveness of maternal vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 infection in 30,311 infants born at Kaiser Permanente Northern California from December 15, 2020, to May 31, 2022. As infants aged, protection provided by maternal vaccination decreased during both periods. Omicron data in UK is 'enormously worrying,' immunologist says "In the last two weeks, no fewer than 80% of admissions were below the age of 50 years. Maternal SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and infant protection against SARS-CoV-2 during the first six months of life, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-36547-4. But the average . 189, 13791388 (2020). * Information on the impact that booster or additional doses of COVID-19 vaccines have on preventing hospitalizations during Omicron predominance is limited. Additional recommendations followed and data availability on booster-dose status varies by age because not all age groups were recommended by ACIP to receive booster doses at the same time. Classification of omicron (B.1.1.529): SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern. We excluded these infants because we were primarily interested in estimating the effectiveness of mRNA vaccines received during pregnancy; (7) mothers who received adenovirus vector vaccines or any non-mRNA platform vaccines during pregnancy; (8) mothers who did not receive their mRNA vaccinations in accordance with CDC recommendationse.g., the timing between dose 1 and dose 2 was not within the recommended intervals; and (9) infants who did not become KPNC members within two calendar months of their birth. Data from the COVID-19Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network (COVID-NET) were analyzed to compare COVID-19associated hospitalization rates among adults aged 18 years during B.1.617.2 (Delta; July 1December 18, 2021) and Omicron (December 19, 2021January 31, 2022) variant predominance, overall and by race/ethnicity and vaccination status. Percentages presented were weighted to account for the probability of selection for sampled cases (3). Google Scholar. Department of Health and Human Services. KPNC has a comprehensive electronic health record system (Kaiser Permanente HealthConnect, a customized EPIC system), that captures detailed information on all medical services, including immunization, membership enrollment including place of residence, demographics, and pregnancy-related care from pregnancy onset to delivery, and beyond. For mothers of infants in the cohort, we extracted from the electronic health record data: age at pregnancy onset, self-reported race/ethnicity (Asian, Black, Hispanic, Pacific Islander, Multiracial, Native American, Other, White), the primary KPNC facility at which the woman received most of their health care, insurance payor (dichotomized as Medicare/Medicaid/other subsidized insurance and Other), neighborhood deprivation index [NDI]35 categorized into quartiles with higher values representing greater deprivation), pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI=kg/m2; underweight <18.5, normal 18.524.9, overweight 25.029.9, obese 30.0), pre-pregnancy diabetes status, pre-pregnancy hypertension, and parity (0, 1, 2, 3, 4). MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022;71:1328. A continuity correction has been applied to the denominators by capping the percent population vaccination coverage at 95% by assuming that at least 5% of each age group would always be unvaccinated in each jurisdiction. JAMA Intern. Laurie M. Billing and Kenzie Teno report grants from the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists during the conduct of the study. However, protection estimates greater than 90% might be too high if individuals with a previous infection were more likely than those without one to come forward for a test for reasons other than suspicion of COVID-19. 40, e137e145 (2021). Top editors give you the stories you want delivered right to your inbox each weekday. adjudicated chart reviews. Trends in disease severity and health care utilization during the early Omicron variant period compared with previous SARS-CoV-2 high transmission periodsUnited States, December 2020January 2022. COVID-19associated signs and symptoms included respiratory symptoms (congestion or runny nose, cough, hemoptysis or bloody sputum, shortness of breath or respiratory distress, sore throat, upper respiratory infection, influenza-like illness, and wheezing) and non-respiratory symptoms (abdominal pain, altered mental status or confusion, anosmia or decreased smell, chest pain, conjunctivitis, diarrhea, dysgeusia or decreased taste, fatigue, fever or chills, headache, muscle aches or myalgias, nausea or vomiting, rash, and seizures).