reasons for the adoption of federalism in nigeria pdf
The Evolution, Development and Practice of Federalism in Nigeria Charas Madu Tella, Ahmed Wali Doho, Aliyu Bapeto Abstract Federalism is a political philosophy in which members of a group are. However, it is also fact that since independence Nigeria has promulgated several constitutions and that if Nigeria wanted an alternative system of government, she could have opted for it. In examining post-independence constitution-making in Nigeria, this chapter finds that military rule blighted Nigerias capacity to respond appropriately to the challenges of federalism. There may be no point, of course, boring ones moment with such lengthy activity of working out their conceptual nuances. Death of a nation - Biafra and the Nigerian question.pdf, The politics and problem of fiscal federalism and revenue allocation formula in Nigeria: Who should get what, how, when and why, Resource Control: a Necessary Element for True Federalism in Nigeria, THE IMPACT OF STATE JOINT LOCAL GOVERNMENT ACCOUNT ON STATE LOCAL RELATIONS IN SOUTH WESTERN NIGERIA, MEMORANDUM ON TRUE FEDERALISM SUBMITTED BY THE 'RESTRUCTURE NIGERIA' COMMUNITY AS A RESPONSE TO THE APC COMMITTEE CALL ON TRUE FEDERALISM, THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES & SOCIAL STUDIES The Legal Framework for the Corporate Existence of Nigeria, Intricacies and paradoxes federalism and secessionism in Nigeria.pdf, Civic Education Curriculum Implementation, NIGERIAN FEDERALISM AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT: PURSUIT, PROSPECTS AND IMPEDIMENTS TO UNITY AND NATION BUILDING, Constitutions Making, Amendments, Reviews and Nigerias Political Development: Such arrangement would inter alia breed neglect, frustration and aggression; no thanks to the red-tape inherent in unitarism. Now, because the level of the development of the productive forces was still at a rudimentary stage, the pervasiveness of commodity relations was equally at a low level. Also, the adoption of the Littleton constitution of 1954 laid further credence to . The current problems facing the Nigeria government and the Biafra separatist agitators originate in the causes and the effects of the Nigerian Civil war (06 July 1967-15 January 1970). British North American colonies unite 3 Up to 1867, the colonies 4 of British North America had no political or geographical links. >> Federalism And Intergovernmental Relations In Nigeria. This research work x-rayed federalism in Nigeria as the only basis upon which Nigeria can remain united despite its diversity and peculiar conditions in which the different tribal groups live in and proffers solutions to the challenges of the practice of . Is there high propensity or likelihood of exclusion, marginalization and relative deprivation, which was to engender obsessive mutual antagonism? sir Arthur Richards strengthened this proposal in 1945 and regionalism was introduced by his administration in 1946. The Challenge of Domesticating Children's Rights Treaties in Nigeria Notify me of follow-up comments by email. It is important to also reason that small states are prone to domination and sometimes control by the big ones. Unfortunately, to suit their interests and political agenda, the federal and state governments over time immemorial have maintained great level of . PDF The 2015 General Elections: Voter Turnout, Voting Behavior and The United States, Canada, India, France and Australia adopted federalism because of the desire for security by the various ethnic units. Federalism as said earlier decentralizes power. Federalism in Nigeria refers to the devolution of self-governance by the West African nation of Nigeria to its federated states, who share sovereignty with the Federal Government . So, without wasting much time, what is a federal system of government? Samuel is bent on changing the legal profession by building Web and Mobile Apps that will make legal research a lot easier. Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. It argues that although deficient in popular sovereignty, the Constitutions legitimacy is moot since it is the operative law that governs the country. International Relations - PRAHAAR | PDF | Joint Comprehensive Plan Of 7 Functions of Nigerian Federalism - Information Guide in Nigeria For instance, such noun phrases like: nationality, nation, citizenship, identity, ethnicity, ethnic group, indigene, state of origin, etc, are inherently conflict laden, with abundant intellectual understandings. In Nigeria, there are different and distinct ethnic groups brought together by colonization. Secondly, are these groups well pleased, or do they at least accept such manipulative placements? Nigeria as a nation has succeeded in commanding influence among member states by the virtue of its size. a system of state organization, to bring a workable polity with a just moral order is the reason why states adopt or should adopt federalism. Book excerpt: Defensive Federalism presents an original contribution to the field of federalism and multinational democracies, exploring the concept of defensive federalism as a protection of self- government against the "tyranny of the majority". In the words of Richards, regionalism was introduced to strengthen unity in diversity. This was many times more the population of most African countries then. Federalism was favoured among other systems of government in a bid to averting . The analysis of the emerging issues and scenarios as well as the response options aims at supporting the efforts of different stakeholders including the Federal government on managing the current pro-Biafra agitation. The size of Nigeria is therefore managed and maintained with federalism. To learn more, view ourPrivacy Policy. Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation Federalism in India. READ ALSO: History of democracy in Nigeria from 1960. Nigeria can be said to be operating the federal system of government, whereas in actual practice, the country is tending towards a unitary system. In many countries of the world, federalism has emerged as a means of accommodating the growing desire of people to preserve or revive the intimacy of small societies and the growing necessity for larger combinations to mobilize the utilization of common resources. Reasons for a state to adopt a federal system include the need to reflect linguistic, economic and cultural differences of a population, especially one that is concentrated geographically. Federalism in Nigeria : The past , Current Peril and Future Hopes True Federalism and Restructuring in Nigeria: Challenges and the - SSRN The states' territories were formed around ethnic groups with common interest and close ties, culture, and dialects. Notwithstanding the above reasons for the adoption of Nigerian federalism, we can also mention some specific factors peculiar to Nigeria. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) is publishing this proposed rule to revise HUD's regulations for branch office registration requirements. Federalism And Intergovernmental Relations In Nigeria - Samphina These maladies have led to a renewal of the call for secession by the South-Eastern ethnic group of Nigeria for a Republic of Biafra, on the basis that they are being short-changed in the political cum socio-economic largess accumulating from the Centre. PDF Nigerian Federalism: Issues, Challenges and Prospects As one of the most effective frameworks for governing a pluralistic society, Nigeria adopted Federalism to manage her multi-ethnic state. Payment Details. Reasons for Federalism 3.1 Reasons for a federal order rather than separate states or secession 3.2 Reasons for preferring federal orders over a unitary state 4. This makes it possible for the minorities to be separated from the domination of big ethnic groups. The states too have no resources for development but depended on federal grants. More so, the colonial masters with the Richards Constitution in 1947 launched Nigeria onto the path of the present federal system of government via the regionalization of the country. Identities can be in terms of ethnicity, culture, religion and other differences," she says. PDF Federalism, Politics and Corruption in Nigeria: Implications for Higher /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] We can offhandedly list all of the reasons for the adoption of federal system in Nigeria. The fear of ethnic groups overlapping regional boundaries and the loyalties of castes cutting of some extent across provincial political boundaries also encourage some groups to support wider federal unions. Since 1954 successively Nigerian constitution had adopted the federal system of government without much emphasis on the unity or disunity it has accorded to Nigeria. Federalism Complicates the Response to the COVID-19 Health and Economic Problems of Nigerian Federalism | Nigerian Federalism Each state has the same level of self-governance. RESTRUCTURE OR DISINTEGRATE, OFFICIAL CORRUPTION AND THE DILEMA OF INSTABILITY IN NIGERIA, The Rationale for AfSol in Peace and Security: The Global, National and Regional Precipitants, Agitation for Restructuring and Resource Control in Nigeria's Federalism: Issues, Perspectives and the Way Forward, Giving Peace a Chance in Nigeria: The Case for a Preventive Diplomacy, Framing of Neo-Biafra Agitations in Selected Nigerian Newspapers, CRISES OF FEDERALISM IN NIGERIA AND THE FUTURE OF THE MIDDLE BELT REGION, Social Media and Hate Speech: Analysis of Comments on Biafra Agitations, Nigeria. (PDF) Politics Of Federalism in Nigeria: Preparing Human Capital for The origin of federalism in Nigeria can be traced to the colonial era. It is believed by many that this was one of the reasons why Nigeria adopted a federalist system. In Nigeria, the main reason for the adoption of a federal arrangement was the sociological complexity of the society, its ethnic and geographical diversity. Required fields are marked *. The second theory focuses on the existence of external military or diplomatic threat for the origin of federalism. Such an act has constituted to one of the major problems of federalism thereby militating against the development of the nation. First, how to properly place peoples, better still - indigenes and ethnic groupings, in their relevant socio-economic categories; that is, in line with the oil windfalls. PDF Federalism in Nigeria: the Past, Current Peril and Future Hopes The unity here is brought about by the desire of the component units of the federation to form union in respect of some matters. REASONS FOR ADOPTION OF FEDERALISM According to IDEA (2015:3), federalism is adoption for the following reasons: Scale: This credited the operation of federalism to the adoption of democracy which allowed for citizens to participate directly in political life. However, that is not so in a federal government system. Take for example, in the Nigerian case of Attorney General of Federation v Attorney General of Abia and others (2002) 3 NCLR 1ar p 54, the issue of resource control in a true federalism was the bone of contention in that matter. Changes in Branch Office Registration Requirements << It should be noted that the Federal Military Government had earlier by fiat taken proceeds from offshore prospecting and drilling activities directly under federal eminent domain. In a unitary constitution which opposes federal principles, everything belongs to the central government; the federating unit does not exist, let alone agitating for resource control. There was just the Northern Protectorate and the Southern Protectorate. The British in their quest for economic wealth and geo-political edges over other Europeans in Africa made Nigeria the largest British colony in Africa. 2013 PP.100-107, This paper explores the issue of unification federalism in Nigeria, which has been an obstacle to peace, development and threats to security .The findings from an extensive reading of related materials suggest that, the root of contemporary political conflict and underdevelopment in Nigeria political landscape shows clearly in the area of imbalance political structures that were established before and after independence. To begin with, the title of this book, " Last Train to Biafra " is allegorically evocative of the severing of, or rather the dead relationship between Nigeria and Biafra. Also, Read: Bad Leadership Causes, Effects And Solutions In Nigeria. stream By the time Nigeria got her independence, the various party involved had been regionally based. Nigeria's independence was gotten and founded on the basis of a federalist system of Government. From the above explanation, one can rightly say that the constitution of Nigeria and United States of America are federal constitutions while the constitution of France and the Republic of Ireland are Unitary constitutions. And even now we can see the population of Nigeria compared to other countries in Africa. We appreciate you. READ ALSO: Reasons for political apathy in Nigeria, Get the hottest stories from the largest news site in Nigeria. /Filter /DCTDecode Bashar Abubakar Bukkuyum This is good 'nd thank you Blogger. This marginalization is evinced by untold hardships such as poverty, lack of infrastructure for health care and education, and generally impaired wellbeing. Nigeria is a plural society of over 250 tongues and tribes. Your email address will not be published. Keywords: Federalism, Nigeria, ethnic groups, federal character principle . V(B8eDK@sx AK hG~ u;6DV,pwP# _ O4C sR 8_yC ! 9S ) ?roh _ O4C sR & Pf?? AK kyC?& Pf;_Hu j_ G$: 5/ Do you want to know the basis and the reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria? Nigeria is quite a big country with an area of 923,768 km2. A Policy Brief examining the actors, factors and dynamics of the agitations, questioning if the current agitation is another flash in the pan and if current responses are adequate to address the agitations for secession of Biafra from Nigeria. Dear Chidera, federalism allows the creation of ethnic-based federating units (States). Here, the Attorney General of the Federation Instituted the case to test the true position so that the federal government would be guided on the varying issues of derivation formula. The chief architect of this theory is Riker. Some of the reasons include preservation of identities. Problems of Nigerian Federalism 1) Revenue Allocation: This has been a problem in Nigeria. The paper suggested that fiscal and political restructuring as panacea for the instituted conflicts and underdevelopment caused by quasi federalism through ongoing review of the 1999 constitution. Mere desire to unite is not enough but there must be the desire to remain separate in respect to other matters. /Subtype /Image Constitutionalism in Nigeria has been crisis-ridden since independence in 1960. reasons for the adoption of federalism in nigeria pdf Over the years the fiscal federalism in Nigeria has crystallised and remained . June 1,2022 Insecurity and the desire for union are the main reasons for the shift from unitary system of government to federal system of government in 1954. Besides the Big Three Igbo, Hausa and Yoruba, there are other macro and micro ethnic minorities in the country. Unity of the country: 3.3 3. Your email address will not be published. It also decided that the Public . (eds. +rohyC ! 9S ) ?roh _ O4C sR & Pf?? AK kyC?& Pf;_Hu j_ G$: 5/ Over the years, it is quite obvious that Nigeria is one of the few countries that adopted federal system of Government in Africa, a system that envisages autonomy for every sect of its authorities (federal, state and local government respectively). So, what are the reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria? Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. And this is one of the factors responsible for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria. +rohyC ! 9S ) ?roh _ O4C sR & Pf?? AK kyC?& Pf;_Hu j_ G$: 5/ Post-independence creation of states and further division of states created after independence was done as a framework for the development of Nigeria. The possible reasons for the practice of federalism in Nigeria are several, and have, for instance, been presented as British imposition targeted at a post-colonial relationship, or as a. ff>qsfN? reasons for the adoption of federalism in nigeria pdf. Revenue Allocation and Economic Development in Nigeria: An Empirical By using our site, you agree to our collection of information through the use of cookies. As a Nigerian, it is important to understand some basic things about the system of governance in Nigeria and why it is so. As a result of this, it has brought about the cry of the minorities clamoring for their own state. It established that the resources of a particular state is not totally owned by the federal government. This was one of the major reasons for the creation of the newer and smaller states after the independence. One of the major reasons why countries choose federalism is because of size. The states were later increased to 30 states. Indeed, whatever scholarly connotations they bear, one strongly believes that they all enjoy one clear focus. The powers that exist between the federal and state government also depends on the constitution. Another cogent reason for federalism in Nigeria is the fear of marginalization. >> Reasons For The Adoption Of Federalism In Nigeria. I have said that Nigeria is reputed to be the largest black country around, even Nigeria has claimed to be the giant of Africa by . (8 Best Paying Jobs), General consensus among our leaders when seeking independence from Britain. Put differently, revenue sharing has become a recurrent crisis factor in Nigeria. 4 Topics . It means that the sovereign unit (Centre) and local units . This paper explores the issue of unification federalism in Nigeria, which has been an obstacle to peace, development and threats to security .The findings from an extensive reading of related materials suggest that, the root of contemporary political conflict and underdevelopment in Nigeria political landscape shows clearly in the area of /Parent 2 0 R You can download the paper by clicking the button above. Granted is the fact that federalism was launched in Nigeria by expatriate leaders, its continued existence since independence is standing firm on the interest of the indegeneous leaders. As a heterogeneous state, Nigeria operates a federal structure which accommodates a Central government and sub-national, otherwise, state governments with several other municipal administrations; local government, therefore enabling a tripartite level of governance. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. /Length 3884 The paper begins by placing the question in an historical context examines its different phases and characters. Population of the country It is our pleasure. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds toupgrade your browser. The Legacy of Biafra: An Investigation into trauma as National Identity Fragmentation, Under Reconstruction: Ethnicity, Ethnic Nationalism, and the Future of the Nigerian State, ETHNIC SCHISM IN NIGERIA: A SOCIO-LITERAY STUDY OF CHINUA ACHEBE'S THERE WAS COUNTRY. Nigeria therefore falls into the latter because of the wide diversities. The regional government had power over matters that are listed under the residual list. The federal government however has occupied a very strong position vis--vis the State and Local government since the 1970's in Nigeria. Roxy Horner biography: who is Jack Whitehalls girlfriend? The main goal of the Convention was to revise the Articles of Confederation, the agreement that governed the 13 colonies and was adopted by the Continental Congress on November 15, 1777, shortly after the end of the Revolutionary War . >> Multi-Ethnicity Nigeria is a country with a lot of ethnic groups. five reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria explained. 7 Topics . On the other hand; a constitution is unitary when there are created by the law made by the central legislature and their existence depends upon the government to control, supervision of the central government. But nigeria today became the proudable and bearable country, There are other political systems the country could have adopted but because of some reasons which I am going to share with you today, federalism seemed to be the best idea. In 1954, the Nigerian founding fathers opted for a federal system of government despite its inherent challenges in a pluralistic society. This has nexus with the particular sharing formula adopted. (PDF) Nigeria: a model of federalist ethnic conflict management or Common national, racial, religious, cultural linguistic or social ties have often contributed to the unification of political unit. stream "There are reasons why some nation-states opt for federalism. The constitution emphasized areas of authority between the central government and the regions. Federalism, Nigerian Federal Constitution and the Practice of The leaders also were from different major tribes and also wanted a level of power. Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. CLICK HERE To Pay With Debit Card ($15) GHANA - Make Payment of 80 GHS to MTN MoMo, 0553978005, Douglas Osabutey. In the first place, therefore, the contemplation of a federal pact is one of an overwhelming outcome of the emphatic need to handle the above concerns acceptably. There are Benin and Togo in between Ghana and Nigeria, two of the former British African colonies. PDF Federalism in Nigeria: Accommodating Diversity and Promoting Stability Federalism in Nigeria refers to the devolution of self-governance by the West African nation of Nigeria to its federated states, who share sovereignty with the Federal Government. Fear of insecurity and the desire for a Union Meaning of federalism? Another factor that prompted the adoption of federalism in Nigeria is the fear of insecurity and the desire for union. He rejects the assertion that Nigeria: A Federation in Search of Federalism Therefore, the adoption of a federal political framework in Nigeria was a necessity as the system was the only viable option for a multi-ethnic country like Nigeria. By way of conclusion, it is imperative to know that the reason why Nigeria is still practicing federalism today is because the system seems to be suitable for our political value and culture. Rather there has been more challenges than benefits of this federal system. All attempts to solve these problems over the years have failed. politicization of ethnicity or the ethnicization of the politics of state creation that Nigeria has witnessed in recent years. Besides this desire, there was also the presence of certain socio-economic conditions (Babalola, 2013 . This is another reason for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria. /BitsPerComponent 8 5 Problems Of Federalism In Nigeria And Solutions 19 more states were created in 1976 in order to score more political advantage by the Murtala-Obasanjo regime against those that favor General Yakubu Gowon. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Also, there was a demand for more local regions by all these ethnic interest groups which was what led to the creation of new states. The United States, Canada, India, France and Australia adopted federalism because of the desire for security by the various ethnic units. Dual federalism was dominant from the 1790s until the 1930s. It allows for popular participation in politics at every level of government. Federalism was favoured among other systems of government in a bid to averting both fancied and real fear of domination among the minorities. Pls visit us again dear reader. In this paper I explain the hows and whys of the minorities continued disadvantaged status in spite of the far-reaching steps that have been taken to ameliorate, if not eliminate, the problem. 1 Issue 2, BETWEEN THE PRISMS OF NECESSITY AND LEGALITY - THE IPOB PROSCRIPTION IN CONTESTATION_pp.43-57, RE-THINKING BIAFRA IDEOLOGY OF SELF-DETERMINATION IN NIGERIA, A (UN)JUST AND (UN)HOLY WAR?
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